(12) In a few NENA dialects the preterite from Class II verbs keeps an effective vocalism (m)CoCiC- otherwise (m)CuCiC- with no precursor in the previous dialects. Noldeke (1868, 213) ideal that the modern function was linked to brand new Hebrew pual. Examples: Aradhin mbusille ‘he cooked’ (Krotkoff 1982, 136), Tkhuma mso:re:li ‘I began’, Jilu +poltele ‘he got it out’ (Fox 1992, 54). Variations having o or u is actually absent exterior NENA and have in lot of of NENA languages: Hertevin, Sanandaj Christian, and you may Halabja: Halabja bqirraxun ‘you (pl.) asked’, Hertevin bqerre ‘he asked’ (Jastrow 1988, 206).
(13) The entire expose are designated by good prefix throughout NENA but Hertevin as well as in Mandaic plus Turoyo. Brand new prefix requires one of three models: (a) k- into all of the verbs (advanced so you’re able to c- into the Urmi, longer so you can ko- in advance of consonants in Turoyo, plus in Zakho to be g- prior to a voiced phoneme); (b) k- www.datingranking.net/cs/mamba-recenze/ however, simply on a restricted class of verbs (with voicing absorption and often other changes too); otherwise (c) i- to your all of the verbs.
Examples: (a) Zakho k-xaze ‘he sees’, g-emir ‘he says’ (Meehan and you may Alon 1979, 182), Urmi csader ‘he sends’ (Hetzron 1969, 115), Turoyo kohoze ‘he sees’, Tisqopa ksaqIl ‘he takes’ (Rubba, personal correspondence); (b) Halabja k-ImrIx-wa ‘we do say’, however, doqIx-wa-ce ‘we create to see it’, Azerbaijan k-xil ‘he takes, have a tendency to eat’, but sate ‘he drinks, often, may drink’ (Garbell 1965, 66, 67); (c) Aradhin i-zare:la ‘he tills it’ (Krotkoff 1982, 70), Jilu we-napli baro ‘they chase her’ (Fox 1992, 55).
The k- prefix seems to be a survival of your own prefix qa- out of BT, like in the fresh ubiquitous qatane ‘he teaches’. age ‘stands’. In some eastern languages the latest delivery away from k- has-been restricted to a little group of verbs (Garbell 1965, 65). In other people, it has got disappeared and you will started changed because of the a different prefix we-, which probably started because the a lower brand of we[Theta] ‘there is’.
Examples: Halabja geznawa ta knista ‘I would go to the new synagogue’, Aradhin tla t-sapri ‘to wait’, Jilu zIlli l-yawa zuze tla weil kIcca ‘I went to bring money so you can a great girl’, Tisqopa [Theta]e:li ta di-mbaslan ‘I (fem
(14) The fresh verb ‘give’ are yehav inside the BT, and yav during the Syriac. This has been remade in most NENA dialects through the incorporation of your pursuing the l- ‘to’. The fresh essential, that has been hav during the Syriac and BT, was hal (Noldeke 1868, 256) throughout NENA wherein I have suggestions, yet not in Turoyo or Mandaic.
(15) In every NENA, the fresh only one vital of qyama ‘get up’ has lost their last m: Aradhin qu (Krotkoff 1982, 145), Sanandaj Religious qu (Panoussi, 110). The brand new plural, but not, keeps this new meters.
(16) In every NENA, the brand new vital off (i)zala ‘go’ was unusual: Aradhin au moment ou (Krotkoff 1982, 147), Sanandaj Religious say (Panoussi 119), Jilu se, Jewish Azerbaijani quand (Garbell 1965, 285).
(17) Round the NENA, several different words can be used because the legs having reflexive pronouns such as for example ‘myself’. He is: ruh- when you look at the Hertevin plus Turoyo, nos- in the around three easternmost Jewish dialects, and you can gyan- in the remaining dialects: Hertevin ruhan ‘ourselves’ (Jastrow 1988, 197), Zakho qtala gyane ‘beating himself’ (Meehan and you will Alon 1982, 181), Halabja nosan ‘ourselves’.
So it qa- are by itself a good contraction off qa?
(18) Another type of preposition meaning ‘to’ or ‘for’ which will take the proper execution ta, tla, otherwise tla is prevalent, even when perhaps not universal, for the NENA, but not included in Mandaic or Turoyo. ) came to cook’ (Rubba, individual communications), Zakho cuxa los angeles psIxle darga tale ‘no that exposed the doorway to him’ (Meehan and you may Alon 1979, 182).
